Anglų kalbos 2010 m. valstybinio brandos egzamino testas (Use of English)

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Part 1 (8 points, 1 point per item). For questions 1–8, complete the following text using words from the
box bellow. Use only ONE word in each gap. Each word can only be used once. There is one word
which you do not need to use.

Why don't penguins live in the Arctic?

Most penguins are built to stay warm in extreme cold, a necessity for a bird
that lives in the frigid and windy Southern Ocean. The ability to live in the
coldest place (1) Earth comes with a disadvantage: they're not very
good (2) shedding extra heat. Penguins don't migrate
(3) the North Pole simply because they can't get
(4) . The oceans between 45°S latitude and the northern Atlantic and
Pacific are (5) hot for them. To penguins, swimming in warm seas is
like walking around (6) winter clothes at the peak of summer! The
warm waters of the equator are a barrier to penguins. Even the penguins living close
to the equator stick to the cooler water coming from the south. If penguins could
travel to the Arctic, they would find their niche already taken (7)
another bird – the puffin. Puffins are also black and white birds (8)
colourful beaks.
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Part 2 (8 points, 1 point per item). For questions 1–8, read the text below and decide which answer, A, 

B, C, or D, best fits each gap and circle it.

The division of time 

No one knows the first calendar was developed. But it seems possible that it was based on
moons, or lunar months. Early humans developed a way to use the changing faces of the moon to tell
time. The moon was ‘full’ when (1)face was bright and round. The early humans counted the
number of times the sun appeared between full moons. They learned (2) this number always
remained the same – about twenty-nine suns. Twenty-nine suns equaled one moon. We now know
(3) period of time as one month. The divisions of time we use today were developed (4)  
ancient Babylonia 4,000 years (5) . Babylonian astronomers believed the sun moved (6) the
Earth every three hundred sixty-five days. They divided (7) trip into twelve equal parts, or
months. Each month was thirty days, (8) they divided each day into twenty-four hours; each hour
into sixty minutes, and each minute into sixty seconds.

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Part 3  (8 points, 1 point per item). For questions 1– 8, read the text below. Use the word given in 

capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. An example (0) has 

been done for you.

Sleep

Sleep is a state that is a (0) natural part of every  
individual's life. We spend about one-third of our lives
asleep and sleep is actually needed for (1) (SURVIVE) .
Nonetheless, people generally know little
about the importance of this (2) (ESSENCE)  activity. 
Sleep is a physical and mental resting state
in which a person becomes relatively (3) (ACT)  
and unaware of the environment.
Normal sleep is characterized by a general decrease in
body temperature (36–35.5ºC), blood (4) (PRESS) ,  
breathing rate, and most other bodily functions.
When (5) (DAY )  sleep time is less than an 
individual needs, a ‘sleep debt’ develops.
Even a little (6) (REDUCE)  in sleep time, e. g. one 
hour, can cause a sleep debt.
If the debt becomes too great, it can lead to a (7) COMMON  
recognized problem of sleepiness.
Although the individual may not realize the change,
the sleep debt can have (8) (POWER)  effects on 
daytime performance, thinking, and mood
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Part 4  (8 points, 1 point per item). For questions  1–8, complete the gaps by putting the verbs in 

brackets in the appropriate form. An example (0) has been done for you.

Speleology 

As a child I (0) used to go in show caves on family holidays. Early on I went

to Mammoth Cave (USA). Those giant passages made me (1)

(to thrill). I liked the smell and feel of the rock walls and began to look at hills and
mountains differently. I wondered if there (2) (to be) caves
beneath them at that time. That is why twenty years later I became a professional
speleologist. Speleology is concerned with all aspects of caves and cave systems. It
(3) (to contribute) a lot to our knowledge of the geological
history of our planet since the 19th
century, and in its more pragmatic aspect, it
usually (4) (to provide) vital data for construction projects
which (5) (to carry) out in the mountains every year. Three
months ago, in a cave in Turkey the team of speleologists I was on
(6) (to discover) a glacier which is the oldest known to
science. At a certain time in the distant past that part of the land must
(7) (to cover) with ice and then somehow this ice has been
preserved in that cave. At present, the glacier (8) (to study) by
scientists.
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Part 5 (8 points, 2 points per item). Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to
the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and
five words, including the word given. An example (0) has been done for you.


0. Kate's parents don't let her go out late in the evening. 
allowed
Kate is not allowed to go out late in the evening.
1. Studying all day is an unusual experience for me.
used
I all day.
2. Tom regrets missing the concert.
wishes
Tom the concert.
3. We were sorry we had spent all our money.
ought
We all our money.
4. It is thought that British people are very cold and reserved.
said
British people very cold and reserved
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